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1) Explain the multiple sequential events required to “charge a tRNA” with a new amino acid
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2) Explain how the wobble hypothesis explains the advent of codon degeneracy.
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3) What are all the structural and molecular differences and similarities that exist between prokaryotic ribosomes and eukaryotic ribosomes.
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4) Describe the process of translation initiation of a prokaryotic mRNA molecule starting with the ribosome binding to the mRNA and the requirements for that and ending with the formation of the complete 70S ribosome. In your answer address the importance of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence, and the IF1, IF2 and IF3 initiation factors to the initiation process.
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5) Describe the process of translation initiation of a eukaryotic mRNA molecule starting with ribosome binding to the mRNA and the requirements for that and ending with the formation of the complete 80S ribosome. In your answer address the importance of the 7 methyl guanine cap site, mRNA circularization, the eIF4 complexes role, eIF5A, eIF5B and eIF6 initiation factors— to the initiation process.
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6) What roles do EF-G and eEF-2 elongation factors play in prokaryotic and eukaryotic polypeptide elongation during mRNA translation
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7) What similar roles do bacterial EF-Ts and. eukaryotic eEF1beta/gamma protein factors play in the elongation phase of mRNA translation?
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8) Describe the events required to terminate mRNA translation in prokaryotes and compare it to the same process in eukaryotes.
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